According to Titus Livius Patavinus in ancient Rome it was the first 100 men appointed senators by Romulus that were called the fathers (patres) and their descendants became the patrician class. Originally referring to these ruling class families, they were distinct from the plebeians because they had wider political influence in ancient Rome, the term patrician (Latin: patricius, Greek: πατρίκιος, patrikios) was re-defined in medieval times and subsequently in many countries became a vague term for aristocrats and the higher bourgeoisie.
In medieval German cities the patrician class emerged in the 11th century from the former local nobility or the local ministerials. They called themselves "Geschlechter", German for families or tribes but in old Latin documents this was translated to "patricius". These families occupied the Council and other important municipal offices and tried to maintain an exclusive right to these. It was only by the early 16th century that the term patrician was used to clearly distinct the noble urban families and many of these were nobilitated by German sovereigns.
In Munich the political and social elite of the city arose from the members of the city council. The patrician families mostly came from the merchant class and even from richer craftsmen. This closed, exclusive circle of patricians, for the membership, the election to the Inner Council was a decisive criterion, ruled the city for a long time. Since the 17th century the Bavarian sovereigns bestowed hereditary "Patriziatsdiplome" and the last time such a privilege was granted in 1800.
The creation of this upper-class civil community and the emergence of the Munich Council went hand in hand. For the first time the city council of Munich was mentioned in a document from 1286 ("consules civitatis Monacensis"). In the "Rudolfinum" from 1294, the oldest surviving town charter, the council is already the central "authority" of the city and in possession of the statutes of autonomy, the police and lower judiciary.
Basically the patriciate always consisted of about 20 to 30 closely related families. Their names are preserved in the oldest council lists since 1295: these are old families of Munich like the Sendlinger (since 1170), the Pütrich (since 1189), the Rudolf (since 1237), the Guldein (Aureus) (since 1239), the Wilbrecht (since 1239/42), the Freimanner (since 1253), the Draechsel (since 1269), the Ligsalz (since 1269), the Schrenck (since 1269), the Schluder (since 1271), the Bart (since 1272) and the Ridler (since 1295). Some other names and families already vanished again from Munich dying out like the Katzmair (1533), the Astaler (1475), the Tulbeck (1476), the Gießer (1494), the Tömlinger (1519/25), the Wilbrecht (1526/48), the Schluder (1535) and the Pötschner (1541).
Basically the patriciate always consisted of about 20 to 30 closely related families. Their names are preserved in the oldest council lists since 1295: these are old families of Munich like the Sendlinger (since 1170), the Pütrich (since 1189), the Rudolf (since 1237), the Guldein (Aureus) (since 1239), the Wilbrecht (since 1239/42), the Freimanner (since 1253), the Draechsel (since 1269), the Ligsalz (since 1269), the Schrenck (since 1269), the Schluder (since 1271), the Bart (since 1272) and the Ridler (since 1295). Some other names and families already vanished again from Munich dying out like the Katzmair (1533), the Astaler (1475), the Tulbeck (1476), the Gießer (1494), the Tömlinger (1519/25), the Wilbrecht (1526/48), the Schluder (1535) and the Pötschner (1541).
These families, represented inside the council, mostly married amongst each other, many of them were related by marriage, so for example the Katzmair with the Schrenck, the Rudolf, the Schluder and the Pötschner. However, the corporative unity and exclusivity has never been as great as for example in Nuremberg. Marriage connections with the "Reichspatriziat" of Regensburg, Nuremberg and Augsburg were not uncommon, as well with the squirearchy in the 14th century.
The Katzmair of Munich
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| Katzmair Crest of Arms |
The Katzmair once were one of Munich’s most influencial and important families. They were part of the patrician elite that “ruled” the city being members of the city’s inner and outer council. As some of the other families like the Astaler or the Pötschner the family died out in 1533 although there was an illegitimate son mentioned in the early 16th century who may have kept the surname Katzmair and preserved the name.
1. Martin I1 Katzmair was born about 1286 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany and he died about 1336 in Munich. He married Sophie Küchel, from Munich, the daughter of Ludwig I Küchel who was mentioned as a member of Munich's council on 25.02.1335. She had three brothers, Heinrich, Liebhart and Ludwig II.
From 10.02.1318 Martin I appears as a member of the council in Munich and in 1319 he was mentioned as "Pfleger des Salzes" (lit. 'guardian of the salt'). From about 1329 he was the chamberlain of the city and on 24.08.1334 he acts as a member of the inner council while on 25.02.1335 he is mentioned being in the sworn council in Munich.
Children of Martin I Katzmair and Sophie Küchel were:
2 i Anna2 Katzmair was born Munich and died there. After 1353 she married Heinrich II Rudolph, born 1310 in Munich and died between Feb 22 1378 and Mar 26 1378 in Munich. In he was first mentioned in Munich on 22.01.1333. Between 1334 and 1340 he was Munich's chamberlain and between 1365 and 1374 he acted as mayor of Munich. In 1377 he is mentioned as Grand-Master of the "Heiliggeistspital". In the years 1367-1369 and 1375 he was taxed as the second richest citizen of Munich. He was the son of Heinrich I Rudolph, who since 10.02.1318 appeared to be a member of the outer council and from 1320 in the inner council, and Katharina Weissenfelder. Anna was his second wife. His first wife Katharina Pötschner died 14 Aug 1353. The Rudolph family appears as well as one of Munich's most influential families. Finally in 1533 they will be the ones to inherit all the Katzmairs property and belongings after the family dies with Georg III.
3 ii Jakob2 Katzmair , born and died in Munich.
4 iii Johannes I2 Katzmair , born in Munich and died 30 Nov 1384 in Munich. He married Elisabeth Rudolph .
5 iv Konrad2 Katzmair , born in Munich and died 29 Dec 1346 in Munich. Between 1337 and 1346 he acts several times as a member of the council of Munich and on the 12.08.1346 he appears as a member of the sworn council.
Generation 2
4. Johannes I2 Katzmair (Martin I1), born in Munich, died 30 Nov 1384 in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. He married Elisabeth Rudolph , from Munich, she died 2 Jul 1405 in Munich. Since 1362 Johannes repeatedly appeared to be a member in the inner and outer council of Munich. In 1367 he was Church Provost and from 1372 he was a member of the sworn council. He was a merchant, trading with wine and horses. Johannes Katzmair bought Lake Wörth including the island and the entire vicinity on the 8th September 1369.
Children of Johannes I Katzmair and Elisabeth Rudolph were as follows:
6 i Agnes I3 Katzmair , born in Munich, she died between Sep 1415 and Nov 1416 in Munich. She married Heinrich Schluder , born in Munich, died abt 1369 in Munich. Heinrich and his father Konrad were banned from Munich in 1317 after disputes about the city council's constitution. After Heinrich died in 1369 Agnes returned to Munich re-married again aroun 1370/71. Her second husband was Erwart Herwart, born in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany and he died about 1375 in Munich.
7 ii Georg `Joerg`3 Katzmair , born in Munich, died 5 Mar 1417 in Munich. He married Katharina Käuzl .
8 iii Hans II3 Katzmair , born aft 1364 in Munich, died before 1384 in Munich.
9 iv Martin II3 Katzmair , born in Munich, died before 1384 in Munich.
Generation 3
7. Georg `Joerg`3 Katzmair (Johannes I2, Martin I1), born in Munich and died 5 Mar 1417 in Munich. He married Katharina Käuzl , born in Salzburg, Bavaria (yes, there was no Austria at that time !!), and she died 14 Apr 1427 in Munich. Since 1386 ‘Joerg’ appears as member of the inner council and several times as mayor of the city of Munich. Most famous he became with the report he wrote on the riots in the city of Munich between 1397 and 1403. He had to flee the city on 03.08.1398, lost most of his real estate and possessions, and sought refuge at the court of the Dukes Ernest and William. It was only 1403 he could return to the city being reinstated to all his offices and receiving back his wealth.
Children of Georg `Joerg` Katzmair and Katharina Käuzl were:
10 i Agnes II4 Katzmair , born bef 1424 in Munich. Agnes appeared to be a nun in the Franciscan monastery "St. Jakob am Anger" as part of the "Order of St. Clare". Since the early 13th century this was the start of the Bavarian part of the "Camiño de Santiago" the way of the apostle St. James to Santiago de Compostela.
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| Kloster St. Klara bei St. Jakob am Anger |
11 ii Hans III4 Katzmair , born abt 1398 in Munich and died about 1420 in Munich.
12 iii Martin III4 Katzmair , born abt 1401 in Munich and died 4 Nov 1481 in Munich. He married Anna Pötschner .
Generation 4
12. Martin III4 Katzmair (Georg `Joerg`3, Johannes I2, Martin I1) was born about 1401 in Munich where he died on 4 Nov 1481. He married Anna Pötschner , born and died in Munich, the daughter of Peter Pötschner and Anna Schrenck . Martin II. 1429 was a member of Munich's council and from 1430 acted as the first chamberlain of the council. In May 1431 he held the first time the mayor's office and as such denied the officials of the Corpus Christi procession the "Geyrenmall and Fressgeltt". Katzmair had caused a scandal by subband those hitherto usual strength at the expense of the city.
In the documents of the 1430s Katzmair occurs variously as legal spokesperson at the "Hofgericht" and as co-decider ("veriecher") in arbitration cases.
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| Castle Wörth |
1446 a castle was built on his behalf on the island in Lake Wörth which was acquired by his grandfather Johannes in 1396 from the Greifenberger family.
In 1468, still being a member of Munich's council, he was mentioned as church provost ("kirchenpropst Martein Katzmair von innderm rat").
Children of Martin III Katzmair and Anna Pötschner were as follows:
13 i Anna5 Katzmair , born abt 1425 in Munichand died in Munich. She married Balthasar I Ridler , born about 1410 in Munich, died abt 1491 in Munich.
14 ii Georg II5 Katzmair , born abt 1430 in Munich, died 24 Jun 1485 in Munich. He married (1) Beatrix von Hausen and after her death (2) Dorothea Stupf .
15 iii Hans IV5 Katzmair , born about 1435 in Munich, died aft 1494 in Munich. He married Clara Ridler , born in Munich, died aft 28 Jul 1536 in Munich. Hans IV was a member of the outer council of Munich between 1484 and 1486.
Generation 5
14. Georg II5 Katzmair (Martin III4, Georg `Joerg`3, Johannes I2, Martin I1), born about 1430 in Munich, died 24 Jun 1485 in Munich. He married (1) Dorothea Stupf before 1450 in Munich and after she died on 19 Dec 1471 he married (2) Beatrix von Hausen , died about 1485 in Munich.
Children of Georg II Katzmair and Beatrix von Hausen were as follows:
16 i Jakob II6 Katzmair , born abt 1472 in Munich, died in Munich. His wife’s name remains unknown.
17 ii Niklas6 Katzmair , born aft 1471 in Munich, died abt 1523 in Munich. He married Katharina Rudolph.
Children of Georg II Katzmair and Dorothea Stupf were as follows:
18 i Hans V6 Katzmair , born between 1450 and 1471 in Munich, died about 1515 in Munich. He was married to the daughter of Hans Schluder zu Weilbach .
19 ii N.N.6 Katzmair , born in Munich, died in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. She married Albrecht Fröschel .
Generation 6
16. Jakob II6 Katzmair (Georg II5, Martin III4, Georg `Joerg`3, Johannes I2, Martin I1), born about 1472 in Munich, died in Munich. A contract from 27.01.1506 indicates that Jakob was mentally ill "plödigkeitshalber seins leibs". His brother Hans (18) committed in the contract to take care of him and his illegitimate son. At that time they live at Rindermarkt 7B. Jakob’s son, his given name remains unknown, must have been born about 1506 in Munich. We can not rule out that he kept his father's name and carried it forward. In young years he was living with his uncle Hans V. Katzmair. After his cousin Georg III Katzmair died in 1533 he was most probably the last living Katzmair of Munich. However he was excluded from Georg's inheritance which went completely to the Rudolph family, namely Paul Rudolph and his sister Margaretha, being his cousins from his mother's side.
17. Niklas6 Katzmair (Georg II5, Martin III4, Georg `Joerg`3, Johannes I2, Martin I1), born aft 1471 in Munich, died abt 1523 in Munich. He married Katharina Rudolph , born and died in Munich, daughter of Thomas I Rudolph and Veronica Schluder .
Children of Niklas Katzmair and Katharina Rudolph were as follows:
21 i Barbara7 Katzmair , born in Munich, died 10 Aug 1520 in Munich. From her gravestone: "anno 1520 des 10. tages octobris starb jungfrau Barbara, Niclas Kaczmars dochter"
22 ii Georg III7 Katzmair , born bef 1523 in Munich, died about 1533 in Munich.
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